Isesengura ry'ubuhinga n'ugukoresha uburyo bubiri bwo guhanahana amakuru ku maradiyo

Radiyo y'inzira zibiri (izwi kandi nka walkie{1}}talkie communication) ni ubuhinga bwo guhanahana amakuru bukoreshwa cane mu mutekano wa bose, mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu, mu bikorwa vy'inganda, no hanze. Inyungu yayo nyamukuru ni uko ishoboza guhanahana amakuru mu gihe nyaco-ata kwizigira ibikorwa remezo vy'uruja n'uruza rw'amatelefone ngendanwa. Irangwa no kworoha, guhangana n’ibintu bikomeye, n’igiciro gito.

Uburyo bwo guhanahana amakuru ku maradiyo bubiri-bushingiye ahanini ku buryo bw'igice-bubiri canke bushitse-uburyo bubiri. Mu buryo bw'igice-bubiri, umukoresha akanda buto ya "Sunika-ku-Kuvuga" (PTT) kugira ngo arungike ikimenyetso. Iyo irekuwe, ikimenyetso kirahinduka kikaja mu buryo bwo kwakira, ivyo bikaba bituma umuntu umwe gusa ashobora gutanga amakuru ku muhora umwe igihe kimwe. Uburyo bushitse-duplex bushobora gutuma abo bompi bashobora kohereza no kwakira ubutumwa bw'ijwi icarimwe, nk'uko bigenda ku guhamagara kuri telefone ngendanwa, ariko mu bisanzwe bisaba uburyo bwinshi kandi busanzwe buboneka mu bikoresho vy'ubuhinga bwa none.

Mu buryo bw’ubuhinga, amaradiyo y’inzira zibiri-yizigira imirongo y’incuro VHF (Imirongo myinshi cane, 30-300 MHz) na UHF (Imirongo myinshi cane, 300-3000 MHz). VHF itanga ubushobozi bwo kwinjira cane kandi irabereye ahantu hafunguye, mu gihe UHF itanga ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ugutandukana kw’ibintu kandi irabereye ahantu hari abantu benshi mu bisagara. Ivyuma vy’itumanaho ry’ubuhinga bwa none (nka DMR na P25) vyatumye habaho ugutuma ubuhinga bwo gukoresha amakuru bugenda neza, burashigikira ubuhinga bwo gutanga amakuru n’amakuru akoresheje ubuhinga bwa none, kandi buratuma ivy’itumanaho bigira umutekano mwiza n’ugukora neza.

Mu bikorwa vy’ukuri, gukoresha amaradiyo y’inzira zibiri-bisaba kwitwararika gutegura imirongo, gutunganya ubushobozi, no guhitamwo antene. Nk'akarorero, ibikoresho vy'inguvu nyinshi-bibereye gukoreshwa mu guhanahana amakuru ku rugendo rurerure-, mu gihe ibikoresho vy'inguvu nke-bibereye cane ku rugendo rugufi no ku bihe vy'uburemere bwinshi-. Ikindi, abasubiramwo barashobora kwagura ubutumwa mu kwakira no gutanga ibimenyetso, bikaba bishoboza guhanahana amakuru hagati y’uturere.

Mu ncamake, amaradiyo y’inzira zibiri-aguma ataco asubirizwa mu gufasha mu bihe vy’ivyago no mu gukorana n’imigwi kubera ko yizigirwa kandi ko ashobora guhinduka. Haciye hashirwa hamwe ubuhinga bwa none, uburyo bwo guhanahana amakuru n’imikorere yavyo bizorushirizaho gutera imbere kugira ngo bishobore gushitsa ivya nkenerwa bitandukanye vy’itumanaho ry’iki gihe.